Fuzzy Clustering Method-Based Hybrid Metaheuristic Models of Chloride Diffusivity in Mortar Containing Nano-titanium Dioxide
摘要
This research investigates the incorporation of nano-titanium dioxide (NT) into mortar to enhance its resistance to chloride ion penetration and extend the service life of marine structures. Mortars were prepared with varying NT content (0–3% by weight of cement), and the effective chloride diffusivity (Deff) and migration coefficient (Dmig) were experimentally determined. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering combined with hybrid algorithms was conducted to model and predict these parameters. Results demonstrated that 3% NT reduced chloride ion diffusivity by up to 90% compared to the control, with significant decreases in Deff and Dmig, and improved service life by up to 35%. FCM effectively clustered data with a silhouette score of 0.87. Particle Swarm Optimization-based FCM models achieved the highest accuracy with an R2 of 0.9887 and VAF of 99.63%. The study highlights the potential of data-driven models to replace extensive laboratory experimentation, offering significant reductions in time and cost with high scalability and adaptability for future research on chloride resistance in marine concrete structures.