Cognitive platforms have proven to be key tools for transforming the teaching of programming, thanks to their ability to adapt to each student’s needs, provide real-time feedback, and personalize educational content. This study aims to understand how these technologies influence academic performance, motivation, and the comprehension of programming concepts among engineering students, while also analyzing the challenges of their implementation in educational settings. A systematic literature review was conducted, following the PRISMA model to explore the development of cognitive platforms and the knowledge gaps that still need to be addressed. The findings highlight the positive impact of these platforms and offer practical recommendations for educators, developers, and professionals to effectively integrate them, thereby enhancing the learning experience in programming.