Because of sustainability, municipal solid waste management (MSWM) has changed from direct disposal to recycling and resource recovery. The MSWM structure’s environmental impact can be evaluated using the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. By combining information from waste management procedures, transportation, waste collection, and product usage, a LCA technique is applied. Functional unit definition, system boundaries, complementary system design, waste management, and partial energy consumption were all covered in the analytical framework. The purpose the study is to assess the effects of the MSWM system in Nagpur, India, fewer than four distinct situations for instance, using an LCA tool, landfilling and composting (S1), land filling and anaerobic digestion (AD) and composting (S2), material recovery facility (MRF) and composting and land filling (S3), and MRF, AD, and composting and land filling (S4). In one situation that was considered, the implications of the recycling rate of precious resources were further assessed using a sensitivity study. The CML-1A impact characterization approach and the Gabi 8.5.0.79 model were used to compare the scenarios. It was discovered that S2 had the least negative effects on the possible categories of photochemical ozone formation, eutrophication, human toxicity, and global warming. According to the sensitivity analysis, changes in recycling rates and overall environmental impacts are inversely related.