Buffalo meat production plays a significant role in the global agricultural economy, especially in regions where buffaloes are primary livestock. Unlike cattle, buffaloes are uniquely adapted to diverse environmental conditions, and their meat is valued for its high protein content and low cholesterol levels. The rising demand for buffalo meat, driven by population growth, urbanization, and dietary shifts toward leaner meats, has necessitated improvements in breeding policies and practices to enhance meat production efficiency and quality. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of buffalo breeds used in meat production globally and examines the breeding policies implemented to enhance meat yields. It explores traditional and modern breeding practices, advancements in genetic selection, reproductive technologies, and management practices. By focusing on case studies from different regions, the chapter illustrates the successes and challenges of various breeding programs and provides practical recommendations for enhancing buffalo meat production sustainably and economically.