Livestock traceability plays a pivotal role in ensuring food safety, enhancing consumer confidence, and facilitating international trade in the buffalo meat sector. This paper underscores the significance of traceability systems in monitoring animal movement, disease control, and quality assurance from farm to fork. With India emerging as the leading exporter of buffalo meat, the establishment of a comprehensive national traceability framework becomes crucial for accessing premium global markets and complying with international food safety standards. The chapter also explores traditional and modern animal identification methods and outlines the multifaceted benefits of traceability, including improved herd productivity, streamlined government schemes, and enhanced transparency across the value chain. Adoption of robust traceability systems promises a sustainable future for buffalo meat production and export by aligning with global expectations for safe, accountable, and high-quality meat products.