The buffalo, a versatile and sustainable livestock species, plays a vital role in India’s agricultural and meat production sectors. India leads global buffalo meat production and exports, contributing significantly to rural socioeconomic progress. This chapter explores the requirements for small and modern buffalo slaughter units, emphasizing the importance of well-equipped facilities to ensure quality meat production. Key aspects include strategic site selection, efficient layout planning, durable construction materials, and modern slaughtering techniques. The chapter also addresses critical operational considerations such as water and electricity supply, drainage systems, ventilation, lighting, pest control, and waste management through effluent treatment plants. These guidelines aim to enhance the efficiency, hygiene, and sustainability of buffalo slaughterhouses in India’s burgeoning meat sector.