The resource-oriented utilization of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag encompasses a comprehensive study of its structure and physical and chemical properties. Key aspects include exploring the theoretical foundation for the implementation of the SPST, analyzing the mineral composition of the modified slag, and optimizing the parameters for the slag modification process. Additionally, the operational conditions and practical outcomes of extracting titanium concentrate from the modified slag through beneficiation processes are examined. Furthermore, the feasibility and theoretical underpinnings of utilizing titanium concentrate to produce rutile-type, titanium-rich materials for titanium dioxide production are thoroughly investigated. In parallel, the potential for directly preparing value-added products such as glass–ceramics, cement, and baking-free bricks using titanium-bearing blast furnace slag is explored. These products’ performance and application efficacy have been rigorously evaluated, demonstrating promising prospects for their industrial adoption.