In this chapter, the essential adaptive mechanisms and the critical challenges faced by oilseed crops under various abiotic stress conditions are discussed. These stresses have profound impacts on crop yield with long-range consequences on growth, yield and oil quality via complex physiological, biochemical and molecular disruptions. It describes how crops have adapted with the aid of osmotic adjustment, antioxidant defenses and changes in root architecture to survive and grow after suffering from environmental stress. In addition to supplying critical nutrients, organically based fertilizers improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, increase water retention and stimulate beneficial microbial activity, all of which together strengthen the defenses of the plant. These beneficial characteristics enable better stress tolerance mechanisms, which include antioxidant enhancement and root expansion and better nutrient acquisition. As a result, under difficult environmental conditions, oilseed crops maintain their development process and production levels. This chapter demonstrates that sustainable organic fertilizers hold great promise in stress mitigation, which leads to enhanced oilseed yields and resilience.