The growing demands for sustainable agricultural practices have intensified the focus on precision agrobiotechnology, a field that leverages cutting-edge technologies to enhance crop productivity. Nanotechnology and its applications in agriculture have appeared as a boon with enormous potential in transforming conventional farming practices into redefined farming activities. Nanobiosensors have become a valuable tool in this field, providing real-time monitoring and precise interventions in plant systems. This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of the role of nanobiosensors in precision agrobiotechnology, from their fundamental principles to their diverse applications in increasing crop protection and yield, phytoremediation, and soil health management. Here, we delve into the integration of nanobiosensors with plant genetic engineering, highlighting how nanoparticle (NP)-mediated targeted genome editing offers new frontiers in crop improvement.