Evaluation of Passive Cooling Solutions to Mitigate the Cooling Load Demand for Existing Buildings in Tropical Climates
摘要
This paper investigates the potential use of natural ventilation methods, an important aspect of passive cooling, to mitigate the ever-increasing cooling energy demand for buildings in tropical climate regions. In this study, three different zones from three distinct buildings were selected to cover various characteristics of different building architectures. Six natural ventilation strategies were tested for each zone by altering the placements of windows and vents to evaluate potential energy savings for cooling energy usage. The proposed arrangements were simulated using DesignBuilder software to assess their effectiveness in terms of thermal comfort, fresh air supply rate, and energy savings. The strategies incorporated single-sided, cross, and stack ventilation methods wherever possible. The percentage of discomfort hours was used to estimate the need for a mechanical ventilation system in the naturally ventilated zones. The thermal comfort assessment utilized the adaptive equations for naturally ventilated buildings as specified in ASHRAE 55. Moreover, each natural ventilation strategy was simulated for the projected outdoor climate conditions of the years 2030 and 2050, in addition to the current climate scenario, to explore their effectiveness against climate change impacts. The results showed that use of natural ventilation strategies could save significant amounts of electricity needed for mechanical ventilation systems. However, incorporating all possible natural ventilation methods provides better results in terms of thermal comfort and energy savings. The study results indicate that utilizing natural ventilation strategies could reduce energy consumption by up to 16%.