With the growing recognition of gentrification in the non-Western world, this chapter examines gentrification in Seoul, the capital of South Korea. The chapter first provides background information and past urban developments that are necessary for understanding gentrification in Seoul. The chapter then focuses on the recent development of gentrification in Seoul, examining the process within the context of urban policy, as national, metropolitan, and local governments serve as primary agents in shaping, facilitating, and curbing the process of gentrification through policymaking. On the line of the policymaking process, this chapter reaffirms the importance of local participation and activism that address growing concerns regarding the basic rights to housing, work, and living. In the end, this chapter calls for the urgent need for attention and appropriate policy that should be designed for the urban poor who are, as will be examined, deeply affected by gentrification.