Rail axle is one of the essential components of railway system considering the safety regulation as this bears dynamic and heavy load of entire wagon. Therefore, there is high possibilities of failure of this component, and failure of the component may lead to severe accident. Hence, it is essential to understand the cause of failure and take action for the repair. For repair of the component, laser cladding is one of the most promising techniques which enhanced the surface integrity. Therefore, this article presents a discussion on cause of rail axle failure and the effect of laser cladding on the rail axle.