Hydrogen energy has been identified as a vital part of China’s carbon neutrality strategy and has emerged as a strategic choice for optimizing the national energy consumption structure and ensuring energy security. As a pioneering application scenario for hydrogen energy, the transportation sector plays a crucial role in linking all segments of the hydrogen industry chain, thereby effectively driving the development of the entire hydrogen energy ecosystem. This chapter reviews national and local policy frameworks for the hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) industry, evaluates the effectiveness of vehicle demonstration programs, and analyzes operational and refueling characteristics. It summarizes the current achievements and challenges in the promotion of FCEVs and aims to provide data-based insights and policy references to support large-scale adoption across the country.