In the realm of sustainable and green electronic materials, conductive bionanocomposites (CBNCs) have propelled technological advancements to new heights across the globe. These composites are typically created by integrating biodegradable polymers with electrically conductive nanomaterials, for instance, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal nanoparticles. This innovative approach offers exceptional properties over conventional electronic materials, making them ideal for an extensive range of electrical and electronic applications. This chapter aims to provide a broad overview of conducting bionanocomposites, composed of various categories of biopolymer matrices and conductive nanomaterials for eco-friendly electrical and electronic applications. It systematically outlines the fundamentals of CBNCs, including synthesis techniques, environmental and industrial impact, and diverse applications, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize green electronics. The evolution of CBNCs represents a significant step toward more sustainable and eco-friendly electronics.