Cities are the hallmarks of human civilization, serving as the main carriers of socio-economic development and population centers. By 2014, 54% of the global population lived in cities; by 2050, this proportion is expected to reach 66% (UNDESA 2012). In China, urbanization has been one of the main indicators of modernization achievements since the reform and opening up. From 1978 to 2013, China’s urbanization rate of the permanent resident population rapidly increased from 17.9% to 53.7%, experiencing the largest and fastest urbanization process in the world, which has had a tremendous impact on China’s society, economy, and environment.