Microalgae have the potential for eliminating excess nutrients and contaminants producing important resources for many uses. Recent scientific breakthroughs, especially with regard to genetic engineering, allow the integration of algae-based treatment into variety of operations. Evaluating global concerns such as increasing temperatures, depletion of resources, and loss of biodiversity is crucial for creating a sustainable future. Genetic engineering can improve growth rates, nutrition uptake, and the synthesis of beneficial chemicals, possibly fixing these difficulties. Significant obstacles remain in the implementation of bioengineered algae for remedial purposes. Researchers must focus on improving cultivation methods, augmenting the generation of biomass, and reducing downstream processing costs. Collaboration among scholars, engineers, and industry stakeholders is necessary to tackle these challenges and fully utilize the enormous potential of this technology. However, it has disadvantages, including potential health and safety risks. Global regulatory bodies are rigorously regulated to mitigate these risks, including environmental risk assessments, biosafety standards, regulatory approvals, and libelling and traceability protocols. These strategies aim to ensure the secure and ethical progression of algal biotechnology for waste remediation. Regulatory considerations for the deployment of algal bioengineering technologies encompass environmental risk assessments, biosafety regulations, regulatory authorizations, and labeling and traceability mandates. These strategies aim to alleviate potential risks and concerns associated with the genetic modification of microalgae, while promoting the responsible and sustainable progress of algal bioengineering for waste remediation. Moreover, the occurrence of regulatory variance among different locations of the world poses a significant difficulty to the deployment. In affluent nations, tight environmental regulations may promote the use of these technologies, but developing nations face fewer rigid constraints and little financial support. Collaborations with global organizations and financial institutions are essential for implementing these technologies in such countries. Microalgae effectively remove nutrients from wastewater, making them crucial for improving water quality and reducing eutrophication.