The quick development of quantum computing leads to a hazardous threat to the upcoming cryptography methods, raising security issues of sensitive data. Present era methodologies like AES, RSA, and ECC are efficacious against traditional computing attacks but may not be as much capable to counter quantum computing’s advanced processing computations. This paper gives insights on fundamental concept of quantum cryptography, post-quantum cryptography techniques, and their capabilities to combat key exchange threats. We examine the repercussions of quantum computing in traditional cybersecurity frameworks and analyze the effectiveness of quantum cryptographic methods for these challenges. Our result analysis showcases the need for progressing quantum-resistant algorithms and enhancing quantum repeater systems to guarantee long-term data resilience. This research gives a layout for incorporating quantum cryptography into cybersecurity frameworks, ensuring a cybersecure space in the era of rising quantum threats.