Recently, enterprises have continuously improved their requirements for the efficiency and accuracy of accounting processes, and traditional manual operations and some automated tools are no longer able to meet these requirements. Robotic Process Automation (RPA), as an emerging technology, can simulate manual operations, automatically complete highly repetitive tasks, and effectively improve the efficiency of accounting processes. According to the preliminary experimental data, after using RPA, the processing efficiency increased by 49.70% and the error rate decreased by 70.15%. In terms of cost control, the implementation of RPA resulted in a decrease in labor costs from an average of 20500 yuan to 12500 yuan within three months, a decrease of 39.02%; the operating cost also decreased from an average of 5100 yuan to 3050 yuan, a decrease of 40.20%. These data indicate that RPA technology can enable accounting tasks to be executed faster and more accurately, greatly assisting enterprises in optimizing accounting processes.