The increasing demand for fish and the stagnation in capture fisheries drive the aquaculture industry to grow around the world to meet the global demand. However, over the decades, the growth of the aquaculture industry has been accompanied by the rise of new aquatic animal diseases, many of which have spread to various countries through the transboundary movements of pathogens. Furthermore, various environmental stressors, farming inputs, and global trade have led to the emergence of new pathogens. Stress due to intensive culture practices at the farm level makes animals susceptible to various new pathogens by compromising their immune system and facilitating rapid transmission of diseases. Particularly, viral pathogens, which have either been established for decades or are newly emerging, are difficult to control due to limitations in the availability of efficacious treatments, including effective viral vaccines. Here, we review a few significant viral pathogens reported from various finfishes, including cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2), carp edema virus (CEV), viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV), infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), and tilapia lake virus (TiLV), which had caused massive disease outbreaks and severe economic losses in the aquaculture and ornamental fish industries. Furthermore, these diseases/pathogens have been recorded during national-level surveillance undertaken by the National Surveillance Programme on Aquatic Animal Diseases (NSPAAD) in India since 2013. Tilapia is one of the most important aquaculture species, second to carp, in the world and a primary source of protein in many developing countries. Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is an emerging virus that is rapidly spreading across the world among all tilapia fishes. Over the past 6 years, TiLV outbreaks have been reported in at least 16 countries, spanning 3 continents, including Asia, Africa, and America, and the presence of TiLV is anticipated in many countries. This chapter provides an overview of emerging viral finfish diseases in India; however, considering the growing significance of its impact and spread, here, the emphasis is given to TiLV.