Nanostructured materials are viable candidates for enhancing the performance of solar cells. Solar energy has grown in popularity as a renewable energy source. There is need for more affordable and efficient solar cell technologies. Unique benefits of using nanostructured materials to improve solar cell performance include reduced recombination losses, enhanced charge transport, and increased light absorption. This work presents the synthesis and material utilized for Tandom solar cells, Perovskite solar cells (PSCs), Quantum dots solar cells, and Schottky junction solar cells (SJSCs). The application of nanostructures can lead to improved absorption of light, separation and transport of charge, which are critical for improving efficiency. The paper also highlights the challenges and future scope of nanostructured materials.