In the Noto Peninsula Earthquake of 2024, which struck the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture on January 1, widespread ground damage was observed, including ground uplift caused by crustal deformation, tunnel lining collapses in mountainous areas, surface deformations, and liquefaction. This paper reports on findings from field investigations conducted to gain lessons and preparedness for future major earthquakes, focusing particularly on damage to mountain tunnels, surface deformations, and liquefaction. Regarding the mountain tunnels, the paper reports on the damage sustained by the Otani Tunnel and Osayo Tunnel, and analyzes the causes of each. The damage to the Otani Tunnel is presumed to have been caused by a landslide, while the damage to the Osayo Tunnel is thought to have resulted from ground uplift. It was deemed crucial to plan and carry out necessary repairs and reinforcements during regular maintenance for mountain tunnels in regions such as this one. As for surface deformations, the paper reports on the damage in Wakayama Town, where a linear surface scarp formed, and speculates on the causes of the deformation. It is suggested that both active folding and landslides may have contributed, and further detailed investigations are considered necessary. Regarding liquefaction damage, the paper details the damage and causes in a residential area developed by cutting through sand dunes in Uchinada Town. The primary cause is believed to be the specific ground conditions of the residential area, resulting from the cutting through of the sand dunes.

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A Field Study on Effects of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake

  • Nobuaki Kitamura,
  • Nishikawa Toru

摘要

In the Noto Peninsula Earthquake of 2024, which struck the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture on January 1, widespread ground damage was observed, including ground uplift caused by crustal deformation, tunnel lining collapses in mountainous areas, surface deformations, and liquefaction. This paper reports on findings from field investigations conducted to gain lessons and preparedness for future major earthquakes, focusing particularly on damage to mountain tunnels, surface deformations, and liquefaction. Regarding the mountain tunnels, the paper reports on the damage sustained by the Otani Tunnel and Osayo Tunnel, and analyzes the causes of each. The damage to the Otani Tunnel is presumed to have been caused by a landslide, while the damage to the Osayo Tunnel is thought to have resulted from ground uplift. It was deemed crucial to plan and carry out necessary repairs and reinforcements during regular maintenance for mountain tunnels in regions such as this one. As for surface deformations, the paper reports on the damage in Wakayama Town, where a linear surface scarp formed, and speculates on the causes of the deformation. It is suggested that both active folding and landslides may have contributed, and further detailed investigations are considered necessary. Regarding liquefaction damage, the paper details the damage and causes in a residential area developed by cutting through sand dunes in Uchinada Town. The primary cause is believed to be the specific ground conditions of the residential area, resulting from the cutting through of the sand dunes.