India's economy has undergone significant transformation since independence. This chapter examines the Indian economy 75 years after independence and highlights key concerns in current times. The chapter begins by presenting a snapshot of the country's GDP, in the context of India's economic growth and structure. A key finding is that the benefits of economic growth have not reached a large section of the population. The chapter goes deeper and analyses the crisis in the world of work and the agriculture sector, which remains the backbone of the economy and the largest employer. Unfortunately, this sector has suffered neglect in recent times, further exacerbating the crisis. To move forward, India must prioritise the prosperity of its workforce and address the crisis in rural areas. This is crucial to ensure inclusive economic growth and development.