Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) of Building Integrated PhotoVoltaic (BIPV) Roof-Cladding Systems in Australia
摘要
One of the most important issues facing the construction industry today is meeting energy-demand sustainably, at low whole-cost. Roofing specifications present an opportunity for analyses, such that conventional coverings may be replaced by Building-Integrated-PhotoVoltaic (BIPV) roof cladding systems’, where BIPV solar-tiles perform as a building-envelope micro-generator exploiting renewable solar-energy. This work evaluates the potential of BIPV roof-cladding systems, in lieu of conventional steel-roof-sheeting or concrete-roof-tiles, using Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) systematic modelling. The methodology adopted, embraces a hybrid qualitative and quantitative study approach, that analyses a 50-year, whole-life cycle, case-study of the respective investment benefits of alternative roofing specification options, through life-cycle cost analysis (of BIPV systems versus convention specifications) options’ capital expenditure, maintenance costs, operational and replacement-costs, and residual-values. This analysis determines the impact of key variables on the profitability of photovoltaic investments and system pay-back period(s), determined by life-cycle costs and net present value, with results obtained demonstrating, economic-worth of BIPV systems’ adoption as a sustainable building product, (against traditional options) with a system pay-back period of 5 and 14 years, within a BIPV systems’ expected lifespan of 30 years, alongside benefits to end-users and society in the long term. Whilst BIPV-roofing does require a larger initial investment, apt to hinder up-take, recommendations to address capex/initial-expenditure resistance are combatted by ongoing research into technological development and, encouraging legislative policies’ incentives’ support from state and federal governments, towards stimulating greater uptake of BIPV-roofing in applications across Western Australia.