It is necessary to understand the subsoil conditions to ensure the safety and integrity of structures for rapid infrastructure development in urban centers like Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand. This paper investigates the role of a Geographical Information System (GIS) in selecting a perfect site for foundation design and construction by analyzing soil’s geotechnical and engineering parameters under static and seismic conditions. This study developed an average contour map of different depths in the entire region of Ranchi through data analysis of Standard Penetration Test (SPT) N values from 179 boreholes up to a depth of 6 m. Moreover, correlations between SPT N values and other pertinent parameters such as groundwater table depth, internal friction angle, cohesion, bearing capacity, plasticity index, and relative density have been established and shown in contour form. The study highlights the importance of geotechnical subsoil characteristics by showing that average SPT-N values and depth have a linear relationship and that over-compacted soils have higher values. By integrating GIS technology with geotechnical data analysis, these contours enhance the understanding of subsoil conditions in Ranchi, facilitating informed decision-making processes crucial for the safety and stability of infrastructure development in the region.