Rockfall events in mountainous regions represent significant hazards that necessitate thorough risk assessment and implementation of mitigation measures to ensure the safety of lives, infrastructure, and the environment. This study investigates the rockfall risk on a vulnerable slope within the Lesser Shivalik region of Jammu, Northern India, and evaluates the effectiveness of rockfall mitigation measures. Using RocFall 2D software, detailed trajectory analyses were conducted to investigate potential rockfall paths, considering diverse rock mass characteristics. The key parameters such as maximum bounce height, total kinetic energy, and translational velocity were thoroughly analyzed. Subsequently, based on trajectory data, three mitigation measures—catchment ditch, protection embankment, and flexible barrier—were designed according to relevant standards and recommendations. Assessment of these measures revealed that while catchment ditches offer partial protection, protection embankments and flexible barriers exhibit comprehensive effectiveness in mitigating rockfall risks. Consequently, the choice of the most appropriate mitigation measure relies on the specific conditions of the site and the desired extent of protection.