The chapter titled “Role of S-ERP in Digital Transformation” explores the pivotal role of Sustainable Enterprise Resource Planning (S-ERP) in driving digital transformation within organizations, particularly in the context of Industry 4.0. It begins by differentiating digital transformation from related concepts like business process reengineering, roadmapping, and change management, emphasizing its broader scope and strategic impact. The chapter discusses how S-ERP integrates advanced technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data analytics to streamline operations, enhance sustainability, and support a customer-centric approach. The chapter also delves into identifying digital blind spots within an organization’s digital ecosystem, proposing methods like Computer Vision, Root Cause Analysis, and revisiting past practices to enhance digital transformation’s effectiveness. It further explores the application of S-ERP in various domains, including customer experience, operational processes, and supply chain management, highlighting how it facilitates smart, green supply chains and improves employee experience. Finally, the chapter addresses the strategic implications of digital transformation with S-ERP, focusing on business model innovation, big data analytics, and IT infrastructure modernization. It underscores the importance of navigating digital transformation paradoxes such as innovation, efficiency, control, transparency, skill, and security paradoxes using S-ERP in Industry 4.0. The chapter concludes by linking digital transformation to sustainability, demonstrating how S-ERP contributes to achieving several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by promoting resource efficiency, reducing waste, and supporting sustainable innovation.