Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common air pollutants that are associated with respiratory diseases, including asthma, particularly in children. PAHs are present in both particulate matter and gas phase, with exposure routes, including inhalation, skin contact, and contaminated food ingestion. Epidemiological evidence suggests that PAH exposure contributes to decreased lung function, asthma exacerbation, and obstructive lung diseases, with potential variations based on individual characteristics. Although several PAHs have carcinogenic potential, this chapter highlights their role in nonmalignant respiratory diseases. Mechanistic studies underscore causal pathways; however, to clarify exposure timing, specific PAH effects, and nonmalignant health impacts, further research is warranted.