India and China are two neighbouring powers whose growth depends a lot on the availability of adequate quantity of water resources in their respective sovereign territories. However, due to the growing population and the phenomenon of climate change, demand-supply gap is widening in both countries. To meet its water-related demand, China, as an upper riparian to many of its water sharing neighbours, is being accused of diverting water from the transboundary rivers in the dry season while releasing more than the managed quantity of waters during the rainy season. One of China’s water neighbours is India. China’s upper riparian behaviour and its activities in the upstream of the shared rivers often lead to calling it a “threat” to India’s water security. Contrary to such popular perceptions of “threat”, there are scholars who find that such serious water concerns do not exist beyond the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh in the Eastern sector. In the Western sector, there are concerns about the Chinese activities in the upstream of the Sutlej River on which some of the north Indian states depend. To manage their water-related tensions and address concerns mainly of the lower riparian State, India and China have signed a few Memorandum of Understandings (MoU). These MoUs, however, have not been very successful to satisfactorily address some of the India’s waters concerns.