The rapid increase in use of lithium-ion battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs) has brought about new safety challenges, particularly in the event of thermal runaway fires. This project presents a novel approach to mitigate the risks associated with EV fires by developing a specialized fire suppression system tailored to the unique characteristics of lithium-ion battery fires. The system employs a carefully designed network of fire detection tubes which is strategically placed within the vehicle’s battery compartment. These tubes burst open when exposed to high flames and temperatures, ensuring rapid response and targeted suppression. By combining “Direct Release Fire Extinguishing Tube System” (DLP) technology with an efficient methodology, this project aims to enhance the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries of EVs while minimizing environmental impact. The research and development undertaken in this project will contribute to the ongoing efforts to make electric vehicles not only sustainable but also safer for widespread adoption, making a significant stride towards cleaner and safer transportation solutions. A prototype for the same was fabricated using a lithium-ion battery and DLP system. The pressure inside the detection tube was monitored and calibrated to the pressure of fire extinguisher. This setup was tested using a controlled fire in an acrylic composite box and it was able to extinguish the fire successfully. Through this prototype, we were able to obtain results necessary for further research and development of this project to install it in road EVs.

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Fire Suppression System in Electric Vehicle

  • Mohit S. Lele,
  • Gaurish S. Vaze,
  • Shivam A. Shinde,
  • Mohammed Arif Syed

摘要

The rapid increase in use of lithium-ion battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs) has brought about new safety challenges, particularly in the event of thermal runaway fires. This project presents a novel approach to mitigate the risks associated with EV fires by developing a specialized fire suppression system tailored to the unique characteristics of lithium-ion battery fires. The system employs a carefully designed network of fire detection tubes which is strategically placed within the vehicle’s battery compartment. These tubes burst open when exposed to high flames and temperatures, ensuring rapid response and targeted suppression. By combining “Direct Release Fire Extinguishing Tube System” (DLP) technology with an efficient methodology, this project aims to enhance the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries of EVs while minimizing environmental impact. The research and development undertaken in this project will contribute to the ongoing efforts to make electric vehicles not only sustainable but also safer for widespread adoption, making a significant stride towards cleaner and safer transportation solutions. A prototype for the same was fabricated using a lithium-ion battery and DLP system. The pressure inside the detection tube was monitored and calibrated to the pressure of fire extinguisher. This setup was tested using a controlled fire in an acrylic composite box and it was able to extinguish the fire successfully. Through this prototype, we were able to obtain results necessary for further research and development of this project to install it in road EVs.