Many construction projects in India have been completed as part of urbanization. Long durations, large scales, and complex processes characterize these projects. This chapter addresses the urgent need to control air and water pollution in the construction industry, a major contributor to environmental harm. Construction activities significantly contribute to environmental pollution, particularly air and water contamination, due to dust, emissions, wastewater, and sediment runoff primarily from excavation, material handling, and machinery use. These pollutants negatively impact human health, ecosystems, and regulatory compliance. This chapter explores effective pollution prevention strategies, including dust suppression, emission control, and wastewater management, while highlighting global best practices and challenges developing economies face. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices, stronger regulations, and innovative technologies to minimize environmental damage. This chapter also highlights global best practices and identifies challenges developing countries face, including limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and weak enforcement of environmental laws. By adopting greener construction methods, the industry can reduce its ecological footprint, conserve resources, and promote long-term environmental sustainability. This discussion aims to inspire actionable steps toward cleaner, more responsible construction practices worldwide.