The construction sector is a critical contributor to world’s economic development; at the same time, it is a major source of construction and demolition waste, which becomes an environmental problem. It provides a comprehensive review of the problem of C&D (construction and demolition) waste management and provides insight into sustainable strategies, efficient approaches, and measures for policy. It aims at identifying the different kinds of wastes, their effects on environment, and the part played by lean construction concepts such as 5S, JIT, and TQM in waste elimination and increased productivity. Several C&D waste management strategies, such as the 3R concept, BIM, and stakeholder engagement, are discussed, with the help of some practical examples. The chapter also discusses the challenges faced when implementing lean that include education and training, leadership, and policies. Further in C&D waste management, the Policy recommendations underscore the importance of waste segregation at source, recycling mandates, financial incentives, and public-private partnerships to drive industry-wide change. The findings highlight the critical role of sustainable practices in aligning the construction sector with global environmental and economic goals, ensuring a balance between development and resource conservation.