Airports play a pivotal role in the safe and orderly development of international civil aviation. Although the airports belong to individual States, leaving their governance entirely to the respective State results in chaos and confusion due to the absence of uniformity. Hence, the Chicago Convention 1944 incorporates some significant provisions relating to airport governance. In addition, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) is entrusted with the responsibility to develop international standards and recommended practices (SARPs) relating to aerodromes. SARPs are developed over the years by ICAO in the form of Annexes to the Chicago Convention, and they are frequently updated especially due to the changing dimensions of civil aviation. The departure from these international standards and recommended practices is not permissible unless there are compelling reasons for States. Hence, understanding the SARPs and implementing them in their true spirit are most significant for safe and efficient air transportation. In this introductory chapter, the author first discusses relevant provisions of the Chicago Convention. Subsequent parts are devoted to evaluating different SARPs relating to airport governance. The major focus of discussions here is on aerodrome requirements under Annex 14, aeronautical information service under Annex 15, safety standards under Annex 19, and facilitation requirements under Annex 9. The procedural aspects to supplement SARPs provided under ICAO Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS) are discussed in the last part of this chapter.