From the perspective of knowledge development, the outbreak of COVID-19 actually urges the intellectual community to reflect on the existing outlook of knowledge and education and explore the establishment of a new kind of knowledge values. The development of knowledge values roughly experienced two main stages: the Middle Ages and the latter days. The latter-day knowledge values were historically rational, but they improperly and hazardously antagonized humans against nature, and strengthened and exaggerated humans’ rights and rule over nature. New knowledge values must fully show awe and respect for nature, aim to promote the communication and cooperation between humans and nature and their unity, and function by helping humans further know themselves, define themselves and know their limitations. The infiltration and integration of arts and sciences serves as the educational approaches to new knowledge values. New knowledge values not only function by integrating disciplines, but also emphasize the unity of humans and nature, and of human society and the objective world. This study offers a new response to the internal tension of objectivity and constructivism in knowledge development so as to enrich pedagogical theories about knowledge and curriculum.