Research and development on alternative fuels for internal combustion engines has increased significantly as a result of the search for low-emission and sustainable energy sources. Methanol-fueled internal combustion engines (ICEs) present a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels, offering significant potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing energy safety. This review synthesizes recent research and technologies advancements in methanol fueled ICEs, addressing critical challenges and highlighting state of the art developments. Significant issues such as fuel properties, combustion characteristics, and emissions control are analyzed. This review work explores advancements of engine modifications to enhance efficiency and emission reduction when using methanol as a fuel. Moreover, this review evaluates the integration of methanol ICEs with energy sources and the role of hybrid systems in optimizing the performance. Despite the benefits, there are still a number of problems to overcome, such as infrastructure development, material compatibility and economic sustainability. In order to overcome these issues and realize the full potential of ICEs powered by methanol in the pursuit of a sustainable energy future, this through review emphasizes the need for ongoing research and collaboration between the sectors.