Advancements in battery technology are crucial to meet the growing demand for green technologies that rely on electric power. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) typically contain liquid electrolytes, which can be susceptible to thermal failures that cause fires or explosions. However, despite LIBs’ extensive use in a range of electric applications, safety issues have been raised about LIBs. The current advancement of solid-state batteries (SSBs) addresses this issue with a non-flammable solid electrolyte, making them a capable contender for future batteries owing to extraordinary energy and power density. Despite advantages, SSBs face challenges such as interfacial stability, insufficient mechanical attributes, and weak ionic conductivity at ambient temperature. This review highlights recent progress in SSB development, covering various electrolyte types, their advantages and limitations. Investigated chemistries based on SSBs encompass Li-ion, Li-sulfur, and Na-ion batteries, all undergoing thorough research. The review also summarizes the challenges associated with the commercialization of SSBs.