Currently, there are three different teaching methods, namely lecture-based learning, ICT-enhanced learning, and design thinking, which are practiced in educational systems in terms of their effectiveness in the teaching–learning process. A collaborative method approach was adopted for the study, which included both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. To improve students’ learning outcomes and increase their engagement in the learning process, the design thinking approach seems to be more effective. The effectiveness of three different teaching–learning methods, namely lecture-based learning, ICT-based learning, and design thinking methods, was analyzed by student survey. This study evaluates the conclusions drawn from each method in terms of student engagement, knowledge acquisition, and retention. Lecture-based learning was the most common teaching method, followed by ICT-based learning and design thinking. However, the study found that students perceived ICT-based learning and design thinking methods to be more effective than lecture-based learning in improving their learning outcomes. In addition, the study found that the design thinking method was perceived as the most engaging and interactive learning method among the three methods. The study concludes that incorporating ICT-enhanced learning and design thinking methods into the teaching–learning process can lead to better learning outcomes. It examines the potential advantages and disadvantages of each method and highlights the critical elements that influence academic success. Design thinking involves empathy, definition, ideation, prototyping, and testing to solve complex problems. This study compares traditional teaching and learning processes with those that incorporate design thinking in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which design thinking promotes student engagement, critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and creativity. The design thinking approach is more effective than traditional teaching–learning processes in enhancing students’ creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and problem-solving skills. The paper concludes with recommendations for implementing the design thinking approach in the classroom. The use of creativity in design thinking and conventional teaching methods.