Intimate partner violence (IPV), a common crime against women poses a significant public health crisis in India. The present study tried to focus on IPV attitudes and practices and its association with the nutrition status of women and children in eastern Indian states. Secondary data from NFHS-5 (2019–21) for analysis is used. The analysis was limited to unit-level data of 63,851 women in India due to availability of information on IPV and nutritional status. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to understand the differentials and associations between IPV and nutritional status. Findings indicate that women experiencing IPV (15%, aRRR: 1.18, p < 0.01) are more likely to be underweight compared to those who do not (13%), particularly in eastern India. Additionally, women who accept wife beating are more likely to be overweight or obese. Children of IPV-affected women in eastern India exhibit higher rates of stunting (45% vs. 38%), wasting (23% vs. 22%), and underweight (43% vs. 37%) compared to those with no IPV experience. These results underscore the far-reaching health implications of IPV for both women and their children. Therefore, policies aimed at preventing IPV are crucial for improving the nutrition outcomes of women and children in India. Addressing IPV can lead to better overall health and well-being for families across the nation.