Maternal malnutrition significantly increases the risk of death during childbirth, profoundly affecting the health outcomes of both mothers and their children. High-risk fertility behaviour (HRFB) is a significant obstacle in lowering the rates of maternal and child mortality. This study aims to examine the association between HRFB and the prevalence of anaemia among ever-married women in India. This study utilized the 5th round of the National Family Health Survey, comprising 211,668 samples of women. The statistical analysis involved binary logistic regression, bivariate, and univariate analysis. The results showed that more than 29% of the women had HRFB, and 60% of the women had anaemia. More than 24% and 5% of women were prone to single and multiple HRFB, respectively. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, the results showed a significant association between HRFB and anaemia. HRFB caused 7% of the women to have a higher likelihood of being anaemic, and single and multiple HRFB caused 7% and 4% of the women to be anaemic, respectively. The findings suggest that the mother’s HRFB is an important factor in increasing the risk of anaemia among women in the form of short birth interval, higher birth orders, and higher mother’s ages. Rural, Scheduled Tribe, Hindu, and eastern region women significantly had a higher likelihood of being anaemic. Implementing policies to reduce the HRFB among Indian ever-married women can help to reduce the level of anaemia.