From antiquity to the present, cancer has remained a challenge for medical professionals. Cancer is the unrestrained proliferation of cells that infest and wreck neighbouring tissue. Among all the kinds of cancer, oral cancer is ranked sixth globally. A tiny, peculiar, inexplicable flourishing, or sore appears in the oral cavity, encompassing the tongue, cheeks, sinuses, hard and soft palates, and the region beneath the mouth that elongates to the oropharynx; oral cancer is a type of malignant neoplasia. Oral cancer perils increase in Asian populations when betel quid is frequently used, whether or not additional tobacco is added. In addition to alcohol and tobacco, HIV, viruses, nutritional deficiencies, mechanical trauma, galvanic phenomena, inherited mutations, and candidal infection are now recognised etiological or synergistic factors that should not be undervalued in the development and progression of this disease. Dentists need to be cognizant of some new peril factors that are being identified, such as idiosyncratically oropharyngeal cancer, such as the HPV virus. Oral squamous cell carcinoma, which is additionally acknowledged as a perceptible preclinical juncture of oral cancer, predominates in all cases of this disease with potentially malignant disorders. The prodrome, genesis, and thwarting applied to oral cancer are all discussed in this study. Advanced techniques and various diagnostic methods regularly used to detect the disease are discussed. Methodical test measures for sensitivity, false negatives, false positives, PPVs, specificity, and NPVs are necessary for studies on diagnostics.