Critical social work in India emanates from the convergence of community, development, political, feminist, right, and proequality social workers based on the epistemic foundations of liberation and emancipation. However, with traditional social work’s overarching influence and domination, critical social work researchers face methodological challenges and contestation on its conceptualization and operation. In this context, this chapter gives a reflection on critical social work research and underlines methodological pathways based on the experience of doctoral research work on “politics of development and regional disparities in Odisha” in the rural/tribal context of India.