The goal of Chap. 5 is to determine the maximum gain in biological effectiveness that can be achieved using hypoxia targeted dose escalation protocols compared to the standard (for example uniform) dose distributions. To quantitatively describe the biological effect of non-uniform dose distributions, we define the dose non-uniformity effectiveness (DNE) as ratio of the EUAD for non-uniform dose distribution and uniform dose distributions assuming that they are computed for the same integral physical dose. We compute DNE for different values of the OER, hypoxic and tumor volumes and determine where the non-uniform dose distributions may be feasible.