This book centrally examines community governance and service innovation, necessitating a comprehension of the attributes of conventional community governance paradigms as identified through a literature review. What governance models have emerged in the community governance process? How is grassroots society unfolding and advancing governance innovation? What are the dominant analytical paradigms for grassroots social governance? This chapter will systematically review and organize the literature from the following aspects: first, sorting out core concepts and issues such as grassroots, grassroots construction, community, and community governance; second, systematically reviewing and reflecting on research on grassroots social governance from the perspectives of state and society analysis; third, reviewing the reform and improvement of community systems and the presentation and evolution of classic models of urban community grassroots social governance innovation; fourth, providing an overall review of research on social organization participation in community governance, “three-society linkage,” and government procurement of services; fifth, providing an overall evaluation of recent research directions and the aforementioned research status to form a comprehensive and systematic literature framework for this book.