This chapter provides a comprehensive account of the systematic evaluation and management of patients with maxillofacial trauma which often results from road traffic accidents. The limited but specific history to be taken is described. General examination and the application of the Glasgow Coma Scale in these patients who often have associated head injury are described. The step-wise local examination of the facial bones, oral cavity, oropharynx, and occasionally the laryngopharynx is described. The various clinical signs which are diagnostic of fractures of the maxillofacial bones and mandible are described with clinical photographs. The three types of Le Fort fractures: blowout fracture, zygomatic (tripod) fracture, and mandibular fractures, and the clinical findings seen in these situations are described in detail and illustrated. The typical radiological findings in different types of maxillofacial trauma are described and illustrated with appropriate X-rays. The role of orthopantogram in mandibular fractures is also described and illustrated. Specific treatment of each type of fracture is described and this section is amply illustrated.