Nature-based solutions (NbS) mimic and integrate natural processes to endow with resilient and sustainable wastewater treatment methods. This study investigates complicated NbS frameworks that deal with wastewater issues by fusing modern technology with ecological engineering concepts. In order to maximise pollution exclusion while lowering energy and resource expenditure, the optional integrated systems make use of vegetated buffer strips, bioreactors supplemented with microbial consortia and built wetlands. Through an analysis of case studies and experimental projects, we exhibit how NbS may develop system resilience to climatic inconsistency, reduce pollution and rebuild ecosystems. This study emphasises NbS as a practicable way to endorse environmental sustainability in wastewater treatment and accomplish circular economy objectives. This chapter emphasises various methods employed by researchers in the area of fluoride removal from water and the mechanisms involved in fluoride removal.