Heavy parasitism, parasitic or verminous bronchitis, peste des petits ruminants (PPR), and chlamydiosis have been recognized as serious productive constraint in migratory small ruminants of the Indian Himalayan states. Studies have revealed that over 90% of gastrointestinal helminth infections belonged to the order Strongylida and the remaining to the other orders. When ranked for infectivity, Haemonchus species was found to be the most prevalent nematode in all the studied states and union territories (UT). The second prevalent Nematodes in the infesting order in Jammu and Kashmir and the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Meghalaya were recorded as Chabertia, Ostertagia, Trichuris, Bunostomum, and Ostergia, respectively. Overall, the prevalence rate of infestation in different states varied from 61.9% to 96%. In north-western states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand and union territories of Jammu and Kahmir and Ladakh, parasitic or verminous bronchitis caused by Dictyocaulus filaria ranged from 18.7–43.5% in sheep and goats, respectively, leading to heavy productive losses. Other serious problems in the migratory animals were persistent abortions caused by Chlamydia infection and peste des petits ruminants. Goats were found to be more susceptible than sheep and infection rate was higher in males than females. As compared to the north-western states, the north-eastern states of Sikkim and Meghalaya had some peculiarities. For instance, in these states, the infection of Moniezia and Eimeria was very high and no incidence of Fasciola infestation was reported. Besides, two new species of Oesophagostomum, namely, O. venulosum and O. aspersum were reported from the north-eastern states.

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Helminths and Other Diseases Affecting Migratory Small Ruminants

  • S. P. Singh,
  • J. K. Malik

摘要

Heavy parasitism, parasitic or verminous bronchitis, peste des petits ruminants (PPR), and chlamydiosis have been recognized as serious productive constraint in migratory small ruminants of the Indian Himalayan states. Studies have revealed that over 90% of gastrointestinal helminth infections belonged to the order Strongylida and the remaining to the other orders. When ranked for infectivity, Haemonchus species was found to be the most prevalent nematode in all the studied states and union territories (UT). The second prevalent Nematodes in the infesting order in Jammu and Kashmir and the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Meghalaya were recorded as Chabertia, Ostertagia, Trichuris, Bunostomum, and Ostergia, respectively. Overall, the prevalence rate of infestation in different states varied from 61.9% to 96%. In north-western states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand and union territories of Jammu and Kahmir and Ladakh, parasitic or verminous bronchitis caused by Dictyocaulus filaria ranged from 18.7–43.5% in sheep and goats, respectively, leading to heavy productive losses. Other serious problems in the migratory animals were persistent abortions caused by Chlamydia infection and peste des petits ruminants. Goats were found to be more susceptible than sheep and infection rate was higher in males than females. As compared to the north-western states, the north-eastern states of Sikkim and Meghalaya had some peculiarities. For instance, in these states, the infection of Moniezia and Eimeria was very high and no incidence of Fasciola infestation was reported. Besides, two new species of Oesophagostomum, namely, O. venulosum and O. aspersum were reported from the north-eastern states.