As a clean energy source, shale gas is crucial in advancing the global energy supply and facilitating a low-carbon transition. However, the environmental impacts of shale gas extraction and the associated public concerns cannot be overlooked. Public attitudes significantly influence the success of energy transition projects. These attitudes are influenced by perceptions, which are, in turn, shaped by access to information. Despite the importance of these factors, there is a notable gap in the literature examining how access to information affects risk perception (RP) and public attitudes toward energy development, particularly in developing countries. This chapter focuses on China’s shale gas development to explore these dynamics, drawing on data from a household survey conducted in the shale gas project sites of Weiyuan and Gongxian counties in Sichuan Province. Additionally, the chapter included a simple information treatment experiment designed to test whether providing more information could alter residents’ RP and attitudes toward shale gas development. The findings revealed that residents could identify various risks and benefits of shale gas extraction. In particular, those living near development sites perceived significantly higher risks than residents in non-development areas. Furthermore, access to information plays a crucial role in shaping both RP and, to a certain extent, public attitudes. However, this chapter demonstrates that merely providing information is insufficient, and the trustworthiness of the information is key. In particular, information sourced from local community channels had the most significant impact on reducing perceived risks. These results underscore the importance of governments and developers collaborating closely with local communities to improve information exchange systems and foster deeper communication with residents. Such efforts are essential for smoothly implementing energy development projects and to foster global energy transition.