The utilization of agro-food waste natural fillers as a reinforcement for developing biodegradable composites have gained much attention in research society for sustainable engineering application. The aim of this study is to develop sustainable and biodegradable composites from banana wastages filler. The composites are fabricated by varying the weight percentages of banana fillers (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10%) with epoxy matrix using hand layup molding process and investigated the tribological behavior of fabricated composites under different applied loading (5, 10, and 15 N) and sliding conditions (1000, 2000, and 3000 m). The results analyzed the treatment of banana fillers with sodium hydroxide improved the surface interface of fillers by removing the impurities from surface. The inclusion of banana filler up to 2.5–5.0% has examined greater interfacial bond with epoxy matrix that increased overall wear resistance of fabricated composites at every loading and sliding conditions. The results also concluded that the increments of applied load and sliding distance increased the wear loss (up to 85%) and frictional co-efficient (up to 65%) of composites due to higher pentation and deformation on counter disk. The 2.5% of fillers addition in fabricated composites have observed higher wear resistance (8.047%) and lower co-efficient values (4.03%) compared to neat composite samples. The excessive addition of fillers (more than 5.0%) increased the rubbing friction on counter disk and increased the wear and friction values. The scanning electron microscopic images also confirmed that the excessive inclusion of banana fillers agglomerated inside fabricated composites that reduced the proper bond with matrix and increased the friction, wear, scars, and debris during tribology test.