Analysis of Verbs as Linguistic Markers in Political Disinformation
摘要
Disinformation has driven various approaches to address it, including the search for linguistic patterns and the development of automatic classification models. This study characterizes verb usage in Spanish disinformative texts using linguistic analysis and natural language processing tools for selective POS tagging. An open-access tool based on the UDPipe library processes Excel/CSV files with label and corpus columns, generating analyses and visualizations of texts filtered by word types (verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs) and veracity labels. Experiments on a Chilean political news dataset, categorized by the Fact Checking platform into five different classes, show that the verb “tener” (“to have”) appears in all classes, while ‘hacer‘ (“to do”/“make”) is more frequent in disinformative texts classified as “creative,” “imprecise” and “deceptive.” Besides, verb tense differences are noted in texts classified as “false.” This study emphasizes verb usage in disinformation as a core component structuring actions and relationships, highlighting how verbs contribute to disinformation’s communicative strategies.