The rapid advancement of technology is reshaping traditional textiles into materials with capabilities once thought impossible. Conductive and smart textiles are at the forefront of this revolution by transforming fabrics into dynamic surfaces that can monitor health, communicate data, and respond to external stimuli. These devices are not just limited to laboratories but are finding real-world applications very quickly. For example, smart textiles have notable applications including tracking vital signs in medical wearables and equipping communication systems in military uniforms. These evolutions are pushing the boundaries of what a piece of fabric can do by turning everyday items into sophisticated devices. However, integrating electronics into textiles comes with great challenges. This raises concerns about the durability, washability, and long-term performance of the devices. There is also the growing issue over the environmental impact of producing smart textiles. Using metals and synthetic materials poses risks related to energy consumption and waste generation. This chapter addresses both the innovations of smart textiles and their environmental impact while also providing insight into the future directions and challenges that could balance innovation with sustainability.