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In recent years, there has been a growing concern over energy deficiency, ecological and environmental deterioration, including climate change and global warming (Ba et al. in Renew Energy 87:977–989, [1]; Ecer et al. in Renew Energy 170:1156–1177, [2]; Panahi et al. in Biofuel Res J-BRJ 6:995–1024, [3]; Stafford et al. in Renew Energy 154:461–475, [4]). This concern has prompted the need for developing renewable and sustainable energy resources, as they are closely related to global security and the economy (Zakzeski et al. in Chem. Rev. 110:3552–3599, [5]). With the goal of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutralization, the efficient utilization of biomass energy has become crucial. Biomass energy is currently the only renewable carbon source available, and its utilization, in combination with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, can help achieve carbon neutralization and negative carbon emissions. Additionally, it can reduce reliance on traditional fossil fuels (Niu et al. in Sustainability 13(5):2777, [6]).

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Review of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Denitrogenation and Demetallization Reactions for Renewable Process in Algal Bio-oil Refinery

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Yang Guo,
  • Donghai Xu,
  • Shuzhong Wang

摘要

In recent years, there has been a growing concern over energy deficiency, ecological and environmental deterioration, including climate change and global warming (Ba et al. in Renew Energy 87:977–989, [1]; Ecer et al. in Renew Energy 170:1156–1177, [2]; Panahi et al. in Biofuel Res J-BRJ 6:995–1024, [3]; Stafford et al. in Renew Energy 154:461–475, [4]). This concern has prompted the need for developing renewable and sustainable energy resources, as they are closely related to global security and the economy (Zakzeski et al. in Chem. Rev. 110:3552–3599, [5]). With the goal of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutralization, the efficient utilization of biomass energy has become crucial. Biomass energy is currently the only renewable carbon source available, and its utilization, in combination with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, can help achieve carbon neutralization and negative carbon emissions. Additionally, it can reduce reliance on traditional fossil fuels (Niu et al. in Sustainability 13(5):2777, [6]).